低溫下Whipple防護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)超高速撞擊效應(yīng)研究

The effects of hypervelocity impact on Whipple shield at cryogenic temperatures

摘要: 文章研究了低溫下空間碎片對典型Whipple防護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的超高速撞擊效應(yīng)。首先在二級輕氣炮設(shè)備上研制出使用液氮可將撞擊靶冷卻至-150 ℃且滿足低溫超高速撞擊試驗(yàn)要求的低溫裝置。利用該裝置開展了低溫條件下的超高速撞擊試驗(yàn)，對低溫和室溫兩種條件下的試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了比對，并分別對緩沖屏穿孔特性、碎片云特性和后墻損傷特性之間的差異進(jìn)行了分析。文章最后給出低溫下典型Whipple防護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)的彈道極限曲線。

Abstract: This paper studies the effects of the hypervelocity impact on typical Whipple Shields at cryogenic temperatures. The cryogenic setup, installed in the target chamber of a two-stage light-gas gun, is developed to cool the targets down to -150 ℃ with liquid nitrogen to provide the essential condition for tests of shield structures at cryogenic temperatures. Several hypervelocity impact tests were carried out at cryogenic temperatures, and the impact results are compared with those obtained at room temperature, including the characteristics of bumper penetration, debris cloud, and rear wall damage. The ballistic limit curves of typical Whipple shields at cryogenic temperatures are obtained.